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Leukemia - What is It?
The doctor can diagnose Leukemia by conducting a physical examination as well as blood tests. He or she may also suggest a bone marrow test, which is the process of taking a sample of the fluid in your hipbones.
The doctor treating you for leukemia can do so by killing abnormal blood cells with chemotherapy and other drugs. Your doctor can also prescribe other treatments to stop leukemia from returning (relapse).
Causes
Leukemia occurs when cancerous cells develop in the bone marrow. The cells multiply and grow out without control. They can crowd out healthy white blood cells as well as red blood cells and platelets in the bone marrow. This can cause your immune system to not function effectively and make you more susceptible to contracting infections. Certain types of leukemia can grow quickly and can trigger severe symptoms right away. Other types are slower-growing and might not cause early symptoms. Leukemia is classified by how fast the cancer cells multiply and what kind of cell is affected.
Blood cells are produced in the soft, spongy inner part of bones, referred to as bone marrow. Early blood cells are referred as stem cells. Stem cells are not mature and give rise to red blood cells white blood cells, platelets. When they undergo mutations in their DNA, a portion of them could develop Leukemia railroad injury (mouse click the next webpage). These mutations can cause cells to grow exponentially and grow exponentially.
Experts aren't sure what causes leukemia. It's believed to arise from a mix of factors that include heredity and environmental dangers, and a few medical treatments. Some of these triggers include exposure to high levels of radiation from atomic bomb blasts, nuclear power plant accidents and radiation treatments for medical conditions smoking; genetic disorders, such as Klinefelter syndrome, Down syndrome and ataxia telangiectasia; as well as exposure to chemicals such as with benzene.
Symptoms
Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood cell. It is found in the bone marrow, the soft spongy core inside your bones where the majority of your blood cells are made. The bone marrow produces red blood cells white blood cells, and platelets, which helps your body function normally. However, in leukemia, your bone marrow produces a lot of abnormal blood cells. These immature cells could block healthy blood cells, which can stop them from functioning properly.
Leukemia symptoms can vary depending on the type of leukemia you have and whether it's acute or chronic. Childhood leukemia, as an example is caused by undeveloped cells that aren't able to fight infections effectively. Recurrent infections, like nasal congestion or a runny nose, a cough, or fever, are not uncommon. Your child may be suffering from pain in joints and bones. Due to the fact that leukemia cells can't make enough healthy platelets, your child may be having difficulty getting blood clotting.
Other forms of leukemia are found in various blood types. These include leukemias that start in lymphoid cell, which are part of the immune system and assist to fight infection; myeloid cell that transform into platelets and red blood cells and rarer forms such as hairy cell leukemia as well as blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN).
Your doctor will perform an examination of your body and ask about your symptoms in order to diagnose leukemia. You'll be given bone-marrow and blood tests. These will tell your doctor the kind of leukemia you're suffering from and how fast it's growing. A spinal tap, also known as a lumbar syringe, is a different diagnostic test. This involves inserting a hollow needle into your lower back, near where the spinal cord ends. The test measures the pressure inside the spinal canal and brain. A small sample of fluid that is injected into the brain and spinal cord of your child is also examined for signs of infection or Leukemia Railroad Injury leukemia.
Diagnosis
If your doctor suspects that you may have leukemia, they'll begin with a full blood count (CBC) and then examine the blood cells in your sample under a microscope in order to determine how abnormal they are. They will also check to determine if there's an ancestry of certain types of leukemia in your family. It doesn't mean you'll be diagnosed with leukemia, however, it increases the likelihood.
If the leukemia cells aren't detected in your bone marrow or blood doctors will check other organs of your body for cancerous cells, like the test for liver function and an puncture to the lumbar region (spinal tap). They can also conduct imaging tests, for example, an X-ray or CT scan.
Bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy are used to diagnose chronic and acute leukemias because they are the only two leukemias which begin in the bone marrow. Your doctor may recommend a blood test using an encapsulating dye that identifies B-cells, to determine if you suffer from CLL or ML. They might not be required to perform a biopsies of your bone marrow in some instances.
Other tests, like cytogenetics or molecular testing can help determine the type of leukemia and help predict its rate of growth. These tests test your cancerous and healthy cells to look at their chromosomes. These tests can inform doctors of the severity of the leukemia.
Treatment
Leukemia is a form of cancer that develops in the bone marrow's blood-forming cells, (hematopoietic cells). The hematopoietic stem cells can grow into myeloid cells or lymphoid cells. In acute leukemias and other blood disorders, immature lymphoid cells, also known as blasts, grow out of control and interfere with the development and function of normal white blood cells and platelets. These cells can also form tumors in the bones, spleen, liver, and central nervous system.
Leukemia's symptoms vary according to the type. They can resemble symptoms of the flu or other common diseases. It is important to speak with your doctor if any of these symptoms manifest: fatigue, swelling or weight loss.
Your doctor will conduct physical examinations and ask you about your medical history in order to make a diagnosis. Then, he or she will order blood tests and bone marrow tests. These tests can reveal if there are too few or too many blood-forming cells. They can also determine if there are abnormal red or white blood cells as well as other kinds of blood cells.
Other tests are able to determine the nature of leukemia and its severity. They include a cytogenetic study that examines the chromosomes of your bone marrow or blood cells. It can reveal whether your chromosomes have changed, which could be a sign of leukemia.
